I basically skimmed most of the posts here reading a lot of the points (which I agree with), but if this thread is still alive, I'd like to throw in some of my own point of views. Also, I may anger some people so I apologize in advance should anything of that sort happen. Oh, and I might not be able to portray certain ideas clearly, but I'll do what I can.
To start with, I think the term perfection and imperfection is defined differently by different people, hence the use of different context by those words. In general, I don't think anything in human history is truly perfect or imperfect, everything is what it is. Therefore, when people say Gary-Stus/Mary-Sues are perfect, I feel like they're under the assumption they know and understand the definition of perfection. However, what is perfection? What is imperfection? If we can't all unanimously agree on the definitions of those words, how can we use that word to define Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu? How can we use those words to define something when we don't agree on the definition itself? Even if we have various definitions for perfection and imperfection, the context people use them in gets smothered by different perceptions of how we all view perfection and imperfection. For that reason, I don't use perfection/imperfection in my terms to even define Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu. If I may be so brave, I would, in fact, not use the terms Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu and instead use this term: privileged characters.
*Also note how in literary academia/Ivory Tower schools, Gary-Stu and Mary-Sue are basically non-existent terms. Throwing that in there just because. IMHO, I don't think literary professors don't even consider adding it to any standard core of any literary course. :/
So what about the term privileged character? The fact is, they're so privileged that the writers themselves (who are also most likely privileged) favors their beloved "Mary-Sues/Gary-Stus" so much that they'll idealize these characters and make every other character in the story unfavored/display them in such a negative way that readers should only idealize the main character. They (both writer/privileged character) are so blind, so narrow-sighted in their views to even acknowledge the others' existence that they are human too, and that they have feelings and that they have a life. They don't even need to work hard to earn something; they have a luxury like aristocrats to get everything they want without having any suitable, burdensome strings attached while getting away with it. It doesn't even need to be an extreme case of "said character has all boyfriends/girlfriends/males/females attracted to them and has the best, overused Pokemon ever like an Eeveelution/Lucario/Gardevoir/Darkrai/etc"; it can even be extremely subtle (from what I've read). In one example, I read a journey fic that basically portrayed the female lead (hero) as the ideal girl, and while her initial privilege to the author was lost eventually (the story got better from there), in the beginning, you could see very small hints that she was portrayed as better and smarter than the rest of her companions while getting away with certain aspects like unlimited money without really exploring where the money came from, meaning that the author (whether intentional or subconsciously) had a preference towards the female lead over the other characters. (I guess technically in the end, the female lead went from privileged character to unprivileged character so thus she really isn't a Mary-Sue since she grew from her experience, as did the author.)
Example: Think of the privileged aristocrats in late-18th century Europe; they had everything they wanted and all the luxury they needed without really working hard for it. What did the rich back then do anyway? They did nothing, and yet they had all of the rich, fancy architecture and big, fancy dresses with towering castles and halls and palaces to suit them. They achieved nothing monumental in their life, because they didn't save the world, they didn't save the masses. The peasants/villagers worked for them, feeding them food, giving them their money and building their palaces, but eventually, they all got fed up with them so there started to be revolutions and uprisings, a famous example being the French Revolution. Literally, they all overthrew the kings/queens/rich/aristocrats. In today's world, we still have that kind of class struggle, and while politics are a very sensitive topic, I would wager that many people arguing that they work harder than the rich still have a valid point which is why you had the Wall Street occupation happen a couple of years ago. If you compare that to Gary-Stus/Mary-Sues, in essence, they are getting everything they want without having anything bite them back in the butt. Perhaps it's not the best example/analogy, but it was the one I found that could work the most. Thus, the people who rebel are the ones suddenly declaring, "This character is a Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu! Your character is getting literally everything they want without having any serious consequences biting their butts in return!"
So that brings me to this point: I think what makes a good character is if it is an effective character, one who's so humane and so deeply felt that it moves people to tears and forever alters their life because their character development is what makes them so beautiful. Yeah, I sound like a romantic/lyric/poet, but that's my take on good characters. If you have any character who touches the lives and moves the mass readers to tears, that can also be interpreted as perfection. That is a perfect character in itself; that character is what it is, moving people deeply and changing them. More often than not, it's the characters that work their butt off, and not the privileged characters who move people. Privileged characters don't understand the meaning of hard work ever, especially since throughout the entire story, they're not really learning or growing or changing, but good, effective characters (consciously or not) do understand what it means to work hard, and understand the willingness to learn/grow. Thus, the authors/writers of said good characters understand what it means to work hard and to move people emotionally/intellectually while the ones who created Mary-Sues/Gary-Stus/privileged characters do not.
In addition, think all of the Pokemon Champions, such as Cynthia and Steven and Lance. Are they considered "perfect"? I mean, their main purpose is like a kind of leader/sage, a guidance to the main characters. They have already finished their epic, travel-around-the-region-to-become-a-pokemon-master journey, thus there is no need to further develop their character in the games. In that sense, they have already gained their own kind of wisdom that Pokemon trainers like Red and Dawn and Brendan are aspiring for. They have no noticeable "flaws." If these guys were the main characters, they'd have to go through their own kind of internal/external struggle to really make the story move and to really move people. The thing is, they don't, so that's why they're a minor role and not a major role to the story. Thus, their kind of perfection can exist within the story, but if there isn't anything they're struggling for as a main character, it's a boring story. If it's a minor role, and their struggle doesn't need to be elaborated into their own epic, it's fine IMO.
Also, I'd like to add that characters are the story plot. However you build the character in terms of personality and function is how the story will go. If the character is privileged ("Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu"), the story plot will be privileged, riddled with what you might expect like having all boyfriends/girlfriends/best-pokemon/the like. But if there is life in the character, then there is life in the story. Your characters and story plot, while they may seem separate, are actually the same together. If you don't have one thing, the other will fall apart. Therefore, if you have a privileged character like the Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu (that equates to boring characterization IMO), you have a boring story. On the other hand, if you have a character who moves you to tears, who moves readers to tears, then the story itself will also move people to tears. A beautiful and popular example is Hiromu Arakawa's Fullmetal Alchemist.
On a possibly unrelated note: Don't judge people immediately from just one or two chapters if their characters are Mary-Sues/Gary-Stus. I've had someone do this to me once, and while I didn't really defend myself and let that person think whatever the person wanted, I regret not telling that person that s/he judged my own fanfics too early. I didn't even have the chance to fully flesh out my characters/story, and yet here was this person telling me that it was a Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu fic. It's like judging the artistic value of a symphony or a sonata by listening to only one movement when in fact you have to listen to all of the movements in a symphony or a sonata for it to be judged sufficiently.
To start with, I think the term perfection and imperfection is defined differently by different people, hence the use of different context by those words. In general, I don't think anything in human history is truly perfect or imperfect, everything is what it is. Therefore, when people say Gary-Stus/Mary-Sues are perfect, I feel like they're under the assumption they know and understand the definition of perfection. However, what is perfection? What is imperfection? If we can't all unanimously agree on the definitions of those words, how can we use that word to define Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu? How can we use those words to define something when we don't agree on the definition itself? Even if we have various definitions for perfection and imperfection, the context people use them in gets smothered by different perceptions of how we all view perfection and imperfection. For that reason, I don't use perfection/imperfection in my terms to even define Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu. If I may be so brave, I would, in fact, not use the terms Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu and instead use this term: privileged characters.
*Also note how in literary academia/Ivory Tower schools, Gary-Stu and Mary-Sue are basically non-existent terms. Throwing that in there just because. IMHO, I don't think literary professors don't even consider adding it to any standard core of any literary course. :/
So what about the term privileged character? The fact is, they're so privileged that the writers themselves (who are also most likely privileged) favors their beloved "Mary-Sues/Gary-Stus" so much that they'll idealize these characters and make every other character in the story unfavored/display them in such a negative way that readers should only idealize the main character. They (both writer/privileged character) are so blind, so narrow-sighted in their views to even acknowledge the others' existence that they are human too, and that they have feelings and that they have a life. They don't even need to work hard to earn something; they have a luxury like aristocrats to get everything they want without having any suitable, burdensome strings attached while getting away with it. It doesn't even need to be an extreme case of "said character has all boyfriends/girlfriends/males/females attracted to them and has the best, overused Pokemon ever like an Eeveelution/Lucario/Gardevoir/Darkrai/etc"; it can even be extremely subtle (from what I've read). In one example, I read a journey fic that basically portrayed the female lead (hero) as the ideal girl, and while her initial privilege to the author was lost eventually (the story got better from there), in the beginning, you could see very small hints that she was portrayed as better and smarter than the rest of her companions while getting away with certain aspects like unlimited money without really exploring where the money came from, meaning that the author (whether intentional or subconsciously) had a preference towards the female lead over the other characters. (I guess technically in the end, the female lead went from privileged character to unprivileged character so thus she really isn't a Mary-Sue since she grew from her experience, as did the author.)
Example: Think of the privileged aristocrats in late-18th century Europe; they had everything they wanted and all the luxury they needed without really working hard for it. What did the rich back then do anyway? They did nothing, and yet they had all of the rich, fancy architecture and big, fancy dresses with towering castles and halls and palaces to suit them. They achieved nothing monumental in their life, because they didn't save the world, they didn't save the masses. The peasants/villagers worked for them, feeding them food, giving them their money and building their palaces, but eventually, they all got fed up with them so there started to be revolutions and uprisings, a famous example being the French Revolution. Literally, they all overthrew the kings/queens/rich/aristocrats. In today's world, we still have that kind of class struggle, and while politics are a very sensitive topic, I would wager that many people arguing that they work harder than the rich still have a valid point which is why you had the Wall Street occupation happen a couple of years ago. If you compare that to Gary-Stus/Mary-Sues, in essence, they are getting everything they want without having anything bite them back in the butt. Perhaps it's not the best example/analogy, but it was the one I found that could work the most. Thus, the people who rebel are the ones suddenly declaring, "This character is a Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu! Your character is getting literally everything they want without having any serious consequences biting their butts in return!"
So that brings me to this point: I think what makes a good character is if it is an effective character, one who's so humane and so deeply felt that it moves people to tears and forever alters their life because their character development is what makes them so beautiful. Yeah, I sound like a romantic/lyric/poet, but that's my take on good characters. If you have any character who touches the lives and moves the mass readers to tears, that can also be interpreted as perfection. That is a perfect character in itself; that character is what it is, moving people deeply and changing them. More often than not, it's the characters that work their butt off, and not the privileged characters who move people. Privileged characters don't understand the meaning of hard work ever, especially since throughout the entire story, they're not really learning or growing or changing, but good, effective characters (consciously or not) do understand what it means to work hard, and understand the willingness to learn/grow. Thus, the authors/writers of said good characters understand what it means to work hard and to move people emotionally/intellectually while the ones who created Mary-Sues/Gary-Stus/privileged characters do not.
In addition, think all of the Pokemon Champions, such as Cynthia and Steven and Lance. Are they considered "perfect"? I mean, their main purpose is like a kind of leader/sage, a guidance to the main characters. They have already finished their epic, travel-around-the-region-to-become-a-pokemon-master journey, thus there is no need to further develop their character in the games. In that sense, they have already gained their own kind of wisdom that Pokemon trainers like Red and Dawn and Brendan are aspiring for. They have no noticeable "flaws." If these guys were the main characters, they'd have to go through their own kind of internal/external struggle to really make the story move and to really move people. The thing is, they don't, so that's why they're a minor role and not a major role to the story. Thus, their kind of perfection can exist within the story, but if there isn't anything they're struggling for as a main character, it's a boring story. If it's a minor role, and their struggle doesn't need to be elaborated into their own epic, it's fine IMO.
Also, I'd like to add that characters are the story plot. However you build the character in terms of personality and function is how the story will go. If the character is privileged ("Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu"), the story plot will be privileged, riddled with what you might expect like having all boyfriends/girlfriends/best-pokemon/the like. But if there is life in the character, then there is life in the story. Your characters and story plot, while they may seem separate, are actually the same together. If you don't have one thing, the other will fall apart. Therefore, if you have a privileged character like the Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu (that equates to boring characterization IMO), you have a boring story. On the other hand, if you have a character who moves you to tears, who moves readers to tears, then the story itself will also move people to tears. A beautiful and popular example is Hiromu Arakawa's Fullmetal Alchemist.
On a possibly unrelated note: Don't judge people immediately from just one or two chapters if their characters are Mary-Sues/Gary-Stus. I've had someone do this to me once, and while I didn't really defend myself and let that person think whatever the person wanted, I regret not telling that person that s/he judged my own fanfics too early. I didn't even have the chance to fully flesh out my characters/story, and yet here was this person telling me that it was a Mary-Sue/Gary-Stu fic. It's like judging the artistic value of a symphony or a sonata by listening to only one movement when in fact you have to listen to all of the movements in a symphony or a sonata for it to be judged sufficiently.
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